The joints that connect the skull and jaws on either side of the face are designed to behave like a “hinge.” They guide basic movements, from speech to grinding down and chewing food for healthy and efficient digestion.


Any time stress is placed on the joints and their connected muscles or ligaments, for instance, it can negatively affect the function and structure of this “well-oiled machine.” Some of the potential causes of TMD include:


  • Degenerative diseases, such as arthritis
  • “Bruxism” or chronic grinding of the teeth and clenching of the jaws
  • Trauma; for instance, displacement or dislocation of a disc in the joint
  • Emotional distress, which produces tension
  • Other habits or behaviors, from chewing gum to eating ice


Resolution of TMD is specific to the patient; Dr. Rappaport may recommend exercises to strengthen the jaw muscles. Likewise, relaxation techniques can be beneficial to release stress-related tension on the jaws. A night guard may be recommended for bruxers. These custom oral appliances protect the teeth from damage caused by chronic teeth grinding. They also relieve the pressure placed on the jaws and connected tissues by persistent grinding of the teeth and clenching of the jaw.


Still, other types of oral appliances may be recommended; for instance, some very small and lightweight devices slip over the front teeth. They prevent the back teeth from touching when bruxers bite down. In turn, the strain and pressure placed on the joints and jaws are minimized. By decreasing muscle tension, patients enjoy fewer, or less severe, headaches and migraines.



Call us today at (858) 674-5954 to schedule your evaluation with Dr. Rappaport, the first step toward pain-free function.